DVT Complications: Pulmonary Embolism and Post-Thrombotic Syndrome (PTS)

Pulmonary Embolism

Pulmonary embolism is a major complication of deep–vein thrombosis (DVT). A DVT blood clot has the potential to move into the lungs and block circulation to the lungs – a life-threatening condition called pulmonary embolism (PE) – which requires immediate medical attention.

PE occurs when a blood clot breaks loose from the wall of a vein and travels to the lungs, blocking the pulmonary artery or one of its branches. This blocks the blood flow from the heart. Obstruction of a large pulmonary artery by one or more of these migrating clots (emboli) may be life threatening.

Symptoms of a pulmonary embolism may include:²

• Unexplained shortness of breath
• Chest pain or breathing
• Rapid heart rate
• Unexplained coughing
• Coughing up blood

Approximately 300,000 Americans die each year from PE,⁵ the majority of which result from DVT.⁹ Complications from DVT kill more Americans than breast cancer and AIDS combined.¹⁰

Anyone experiencing these symptoms should call for assistance and go to a hospital immediately.

Click here to view a video that explains pulmonary embolism as a serious complication of DVT.

Post-Thrombotic Syndrome (PTS)

Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) can occur after experiencing a DVT. The affected limb can become chronically swollen and painful.¹¹

The PTS is a long-term complication of DVT that is identified by:¹⁰

• Chronic, persistent pain
• Chronic swelling
• Development of varicose veins

PTS is common in people who have experienced a DVT and is difficult to diagnose because symptoms are similar to DVT. An estimated 330,000 people in the US have this condition.¹⁰

Little is known about who will or will not develop PTS. Generally, of the 60 percent who has experienced a DVT in the legs, 40 percent will experience PTS. This condition usually occurs in the first 6 months following a DVT but can also appear up to 2 years.¹⁰

Click here to read and share the Coalition's informational brochure on the signs, symptoms and risk factors associated with DVT/PE.